“electric Vehicles And The Grid: Navigating The Intersection Of Transportation And Energy Systems”

“electric Vehicles And The Grid: Navigating The Intersection Of Transportation And Energy Systems” – National laboratories, utilities, and pilot projects have found that electric vehicles (EVs) can be integrated into electric grids in ways that benefit communities and vehicle owners while increasing grid reliability and stability.

With five US states committing to selling only electric vehicles by 2035, the transition from gas-powered to electric vehicles will accelerate even further, but the transition will happen with enough time for utilities and grid operators to prepare their electric grids. to balance future growth in demand. When paired with an improved “smart grid,” electric vehicles can deliver hundreds of millions of dollars in annual benefits to the electric grid by reducing peak demand, reducing utility operating costs, and stabilizing the power system by balancing supply and demand in the short term.

“electric Vehicles And The Grid: Navigating The Intersection Of Transportation And Energy Systems”

Regulators and utilities are realizing what’s at stake and are changing US power grids to use electric cars and trucks as a bi-directional power source. In tandem, a full national electric power fleet must expand transmission as the grid transitions to carbon-free electricity to provide enough capacity for convenient clean-energy charging.

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Today, electric cars and trucks have little impact on power grids, and there is enough excess power to handle the rapid growth of plug-in vehicles.

Electric cars and trucks can be integrated into electric grids in ways that benefit communities, vehicle owners, and utility shareholders.

Regulators and utilities are realizing what’s at stake and are changing US power grids to use electric vehicles as a bidirectional power source. This is an opportunity to accelerate the transition to renewable energy that is already underway.

The notion that the grid can’t handle electric cars and trucks is based largely on fossil-funded interests. Some electric cars, trucks and buses can now store energy not only for driving, but also to power our buildings and power grids. a technology called bidirectional charging. This can play a major role during power outages and help green the grid.

Grid Integration Of Electric Vehicles

Rebecca Costello, an engineer with Nova Scotia Power, plugs an electric vehicle into a two-way charger on the campus of Nova Scotia Community College in Middleton. It is part of a pilot project testing the integration of electric vehicles into the grid. (Nova Scotia Power)

Further, electric cars could not only store energy for driving, but also be able to power buildings and wider grids thanks to the possibility of “bidirectional charging”.

It’s an emerging technology that can keep refrigerators, lights, and the Internet on in homes and other buildings during emergencies, preventing or reducing the impact of many power outages.

Bidirectional charging also has the potential to make the entire power grid greener and more efficient, allowing for more and better use of wind and solar energy. Here’s a closer look at the technology.

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Until now, most electric vehicles have been single-charged, drawing power from the grid to charge their batteries and …

With bidirectional charging, vehicles can also drain power from their batteries, returning it to buildings and, when connected, to the grid.

According to Nova Scotia Power, the Nissan Leaf and Mitsubishi’s Outlander plug-in hybrid are currently the only consumer models on the Canadian market with bi-directional charging.

But other manufacturers say their vehicles will soon have the feature, including Ford’s F-150 Lightning pickup and all Volkswagen EVs. Some non-consumer vehicles, such as school buses made by Quebec-based Lion Electric, also support bidirectional charging.

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David Landrigan, Nova Scotia Power’s vice-president of commercial, predicts this will eventually become the norm for electric vehicles.

“I can’t see any electric vehicle in the future that doesn’t allow two-way charging, just because of the value it brings,” he said.

The simplest application of this technology is what car manufacturers market: back-up power when you need it most.

“It’s your own power plant that automatically powers your home for three days during a power outage,” explained Linda Zhang, Ford’s chief engineer, during the unveiling of the F-150 Lightning.

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It can appear from a long time in February, February in February. reducing the risk of wildfires during the voltage of the air conditioners and the heat.

If it could work with a backup battery like the Tesla Powerwall, a car battery, usually for the F-150 Lightning, for example, 155 kilowatt-hours (kWh), for example, 10 times more Tesla Powerwall 13.5 kWh.

Ford says its all-electric Ford F-150 Lightning pickup truck can power a home for three days on a single battery. The battery capacity is 10 times greater than the Tesla Powerwall. (Rebecca Cook/Reuters)

Yes. First, electric vehicles can be taken to places where extra power is needed during natural disasters and mass evacuations.

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But it’s a concept that can go a step further and bring power from a single building to the grid itself, or vehicle-to-personal, or V2G, a concept that could potentially benefit the entire energy system.

“It gives the cage more durability,” Landrigan said. If a generator goes down or a power line goes down, he says, “We can use the solid power of these batteries … giving it to everybody.”

Utilities are also trying to add more wind and solar — variable power sources that are clean but can’t produce maximum power when needed most.

Wind and solar accounted for 10 percent of global electricity in 2019, but must increase to 60 percent by 2050 to meet the goals of the Paris climate agreement, said Francisco Boshell of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). .

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Their variability also requires more storage and backup power to manage supply and demand in the system — something electric vehicles can offer with bidirectional charging.

Wind and solar energy sources cannot produce maximum power when demand is highest. But electric vehicles can be used to store some of that energy and feed it into the grid when needed. ()

The simplest case is that you don’t need two-way charging at all — so-called smart charging is just one thing — two-way charging. Vehicles burn when power is high (such as when it’s windy or sunny), but not when electricity demand is high.

Utilities can encourage this through variable pricing, which raises electricity prices during power shortages and lowers rates when there are lots.

The Impact Of The Integration Of Electric Vehicles In The Electric Grid

With bi-directional charging, vehicles can sell electricity back into the grid when they are not in use. When this demand is very high, such as during heat waves, for example, the energy consumed by air conditioners can break records.

“This saves the utility from having to add additional generators or even a blackout situation,” said Wayne Groshko, an applied energy researcher at Nova Scotia Community College, which is collaborating with Nova Scotia Power on its pilot project.

Renewable energy batteries will eventually become the N.S. powers homes4 years ago Duration 2:41 A pilot project that installed renewable energy battery storage systems in 10 homes in Elmsdale could ultimately change the way people power their homes.

According to IRENA, the number of electric vehicles worldwide is expected to increase from six million in 2018 to 160 million by 2030 and over one billion by 2050.

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That means “all these batteries on a wheel will have a huge capacity to store electricity,” Boshell said.

One billion electric vehicles could provide 40 terawatt-hours (TWh) of storage capacity, more than four times the nine TWh expected by 2050 from stationary sources such as pumped water and grid batteries.

A big reason is the unavailability of two-way chargers, Landrigan said. Some of those tested in the Nova Scotia Power pilot are not certified for general use in Canada.

“It’s hard to catch them … they’re not at the market stage,” he said.

Electric Vehicle Batteries Alone Could Satisfy Short Term Grid Storage Demand By As Early As 2030

A recent study by researchers at the National Research Council of Canada found that under experimental conditions, the life of a Nissan Leaf’s battery was reduced from 10 years to six years when it was charged and discharged to help stabilize the power grid. This process also cuts the car owner’s energy bill, but it’s not enough to compensate for the 10 percent reduction in battery life alone.

Electric school buses manufactured by St. Jerome, Que.-based Lion Electric were part of a pilot project to power the White Plains, N.Y., grid. The company says school buses work well for this type of grid storage. they are only used for a small part of the day. (Electric Lion)

The researchers suggest that improvements to the battery, charging and discharging conditions, and better compensation or incentives could change the equation.

A recent pilot study of New York City’s Lion Electric school buses found that charging and discharging their batteries online once a day had a “really low” impact on wear and tear, the company’s Patrick Gervais said. vice president of communications.

Connecting Electric Vehicles To The Power Grid

According to Gervais, there are still many unknowns about integrating electric vehicles into the grid. “No one has really done it.”

This involves programming the charge to make sure there is enough power for the right purpose

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