Gas And Electricity Tariffs In Montpellier: Understanding The Pricing Structure – This week in At UM science, François Mirabel, researcher at Montpellier Research in Economics (MRE), deciphers for us the reasons for the explosion in electricity prices. The opportunity to look back at the latest LUM magazine dedicated to energy. In the second part of the program, Ly Yann Kauv, program manager at Agropolis Fondation, announces 3 conferences on the theme of climate change in Africa. A show that airs on Divergence FM-93.9 every Wednesday at
And today we present the 19th issue of LUM, the science and society magazine produced by the university. An issue devoted to the issue of energy in a context that will not have escaped you: the energy crisis. A crisis which sometimes shines a bright light on our dependence on oil, electricity, gas to heat us, move us, feed us, in short to live… So mobilizing this energy means first knowing how to produce it, and then store it and above all clear it. It is primarily a response to the need to reduce our oil consumption, e.g. through geothermal energy or solar energy. It also means knowing what to do with nuclear waste, reducing wind turbines’ impact on biodiversity, optimizing wood burning processes and even developing innovative batteries to store energy. All these questions involve a wide variety of fields of research: geology, chemistry, nuclear power, biology, political science, as the yellow vest crisis has shown us, as I remind you, caused by the carbon tax. We cover all these topics in this issue.
Gas And Electricity Tariffs In Montpellier: Understanding The Pricing Structure
Energy is of course also an economic issue, and it is for this discipline that we have chosen to hold the microphone. Since 2021, energy prices have been steadily increasing (read Energy Sobriety Plan: moving towards the best possible balance). The media and politicians have largely linked these rising costs to the war in Ukraine, but does that really explain it? And besides, who among us really knows how energy prices are set? By whom ? On what criteria? What are the consequences of opening this essential good to competition? We ask all these questions today to François Mirabel, he is a researcher at the Montpellier Economic Research Laboratory, he is also dean of the Faculty of Economics and specialist in energy and transport.
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Our guest for the last three minutes will be Ly Yann Kauv, program director of the Agropolis Foundation. She is presenting a cycle of 3 conferences on the theme of climate change in Africa led by three authors from the IPCC and it will take place on June 13th at Corum in Montpellier.
Co-production: Divergence FM / University of Montpellier Animation: Lucie Lecherbonnier Interview: Lucie Lecherbonnier / Aline Périault Open Access policy Institutional Open Access program Special topics Guidelines Editorial process Research and publication Ethics Treatment of articles Prices Opinions
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By Francesca Benedetta Felici Francesca Benedetta Felici Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1, * and Giampiero Mazzocchi Giampiero Mazzocchi Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 2
Department of Agricultural Policy and Bioeconomy, Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of Agricultural Economics, 00187 Rome, Italy
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Received: 31 May 2022 / Revised: 30 June 2022 / Accepted: 7 July 2022 / Published: 10 July 2022
The unsustainability of the globalized food system is a relevant debate. Despite the large body of literature on sustainable food systems, there is little research that explains how innovations in food systems can scale impact and effect systemic change. Moreover, there is not much literature that considers the territorial context in which innovations take place as a key factor in promoting the transition. In this article, we try to understand how territorial factors, such as actors and networks, influence a sustainable transition to the food system. To achieve this goal, we built and applied an original methodology capable of mapping the specific territorial context and dynamics. Considering a case study of 12 innovations in the urban food system in Montpellier (France), we reconstructed the relational context to demonstrate the key role of embedded territorial dynamics in promoting sustainable transition. The application of our methodology produced around seven territorial conditions, which are defined by the differences between innovations, power relations and dynamics, the role of politics and the so-called “governance spaces”. Each of these conditions plays a crucial role in the transition to a sustainable food system.
The current globalized food system is the cause of many social and environmental problems. Crippa et al. [1] that the food system is responsible for a third of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the globalized food system contributes significantly to the geographical and cultural divide between urban and rural areas [2]. According to Paturel and Ndiaye [3], the food system, despite not having been able to solve the problems of food security in the developing countries, continues to create inequalities in the industrialized countries, and excludes the most fragile part of the population from quality food.
In response to these and other pressing social and environmental challenges, the concept of a sustainable food system (SFS) has recently emerged. It is defined by FAO as a “food system that provides food security and nutrition for all in such a way that the economic, social and environmental foundations for creating food security and nutrition for future generations are not compromised” [4]. But the ways to achieve sustainable food systems are very different in practice. Several practices could be seen as a SFS or parts of it, such as agroecology [5], organic farming or fair trade certifications [6]. However, this research deals with one way to achieve the sustainable food system, which is “re-territorialization” of the food systems. Some researchers refer to this condition as “local food systems” [ 7 ], “urban-regional food systems” [ 2 ] or “territorialized food systems” [ 8 , 9 ].
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According to these models, food production and consumption should primarily take place in the same geographical area, assuming a local or regional scale. The choice of “local” can be interpreted as a response to the distancing forces exerted by the globalized food system. The distances that these proposals seek to respond to are geographical, economic, cognitive and political in nature [10]. Direct sales, EC-supported agriculture and short supply chains that eliminate or reduce middlemen have been promoted to respond to geographical and economic distance between production and consumption. These practices also bring a cognitive reconnection, as consumers know the origin and way of producing the food, often knowing the farm directly. Finally, to solve the problem of political distance and perception of loss of food sovereignty, there is the emergence of practices that increase food democracy, such as cooperative supermarkets or participatory municipal councils on food policies. According to Anderson and Cook [11], “re-localization” processes can recast “power and knowledge relations in food supply systems that have been distorted by increasing distance (physical, social, and metaphorical) between producers and consumers” (p. 237) -238 ).
However, the term “local” is not immune to criticism. We should avoid the “local trap” that assumes “eating local food is more ecologically sustainable and socially just” [12] (p. 195). In addition, “local” must not lead to localism, as it would be unrealistic to exclude imports and exports from our food system.
Our research has focused on the transition process from a globalized industrial food system to a sustainable food system considering the shift to a “displaced” food system.
There is a large body of literature discussing sustainable transitions and explaining, from a sociological perspective, the shift from a conventional to a new system. In this work, we considered the Multi-Level Perspective model of Geels [13], to explain the mechanism by which a number of innovation niches can break through the traditional system and stimulate sustainable transition.
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Unfortunately, not all innovations succeed in changing the system, and there is scant literature that attempts to explain why, particularly with reference to the scaling processes of innovations in
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