“grid Resilience In The Face Of Climate Change: Adapting Gas And Electricity Systems” – Development of a deep neural network model for co-location prediction of occupants’ indoor activities for providing thermal comfort
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“grid Resilience In The Face Of Climate Change: Adapting Gas And Electricity Systems”
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Disturbance Type Determines How Connectivity Shapes Ecosystem Resilience
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Pdf) Proactive Failure Management In Smart Grids For Improved Resilience: A Methodology For Failure Prediction And Mitigation
Published: December 14, 2020 / Updated: January 10, 2021 / Received: January 22, 2021 / Published: January 29, 2021
(This article belongs to a special issue on Advances in Methods and Metrics for Power Systems, from Reliability to Resilience)
Fundamental changes in the structure and production of the electricity grid are occurring amid increasing demands for resilience. These two simultaneous trends create the need for new planning and implementation of operations for modern grids that account for the mixed uncertainties that exist in both the assessment of resilience and the increased contribution of renewable energy sources based on inverters. This work reviews research work on the transformation of production, modern practices to address resilience, and research work at the intersection of these two topics on the grid. The contribution of this work is to highlight the ongoing research in energy system resilience and the integration of inverter-based renewable energy sources in the grid, and to identify areas of current and further study in this intersection. Areas of research identified at this intersection include cyber-physical analysis of solar, wind, and distributed resources, microgrids, network evolution and observation, substation automation and self-healing, and possible planning and operation methods.
The grid is adapting to be flexible and replaceable. As the need to reduce carbon emissions has stimulated the development of renewable energy, thus increasing the need for the power grid to be able to withstand and recover from more frequent and severe natural disasters. In addition, cyber threats and physical human threats are becoming more sophisticated and deadly. Two major themes, the integration of renewable energy and the resilience of the electricity system, are driving great changes in the operation and planning of the electricity grid. These two topics are intertwined for many reasons. First of all, both are being addressed by electrical equipment. Second, the need to include uncertainty analysis is necessary for both the scheduling of generators and new generation and the risk assessment of natural disasters and cyber security threats in resilience analysis. Finally, distributed renewable generation is partly driving the increasing digitization of the electricity grid that poses cybersecurity risks and monitoring requirements. The digitalization of the grid has proven to be a great asset in the development of advanced monitoring and forecasting capabilities necessary for the high contribution of non-dispatchable and variable inverter-based renewable energy sources (VIBRES); However, the advent of big data infrastructures and new communication frameworks also poses cybersecurity risks.
State‐of‐the‐art Review On Power System Resilience And Assessment Techniques
Research works in the integration of renewable energy and the flexibility of the energy system tend to address these opportunities and challenges separately, there are few that evaluate the evolution of the grid accounting for flexibility in the proposed methods and practices. There are significant challenges to addressing both renewable energy integration and energy system resilience in research studies. These are multi-temporal and spatial topics ranging from secondary transient stability analysis to the integration of power electronic switching models to long-term energy planning and forecasting while considering cyber-physical interactions from new distributed generation and rapid deployment of phasor measurement units (PMUs). . Many larger questions arise at the intersection of these topics, such as how researchers optimize or simulate all of these elements, interactions, and situations to develop real-time, user-friendly tools that can be implemented, verified, and made industrially accessible. .
Many of the research topics include assessing resilience and considering changes related to the evolving grid. Existing research on this overlap is motivated by the consequences of these changes occurring simultaneously. The proliferation of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) to power wind, solar, and distributed energy sources (DERs) has created cyber and physical vulnerabilities in the system, and many research efforts have been made to address this issue. Microgrids have reported the resilience benefits of increased renewable penetration when exposed to extreme weather, and for the purpose of islanding during disruptive events. The rise of automation has also spurred investigations into self-healing. The inherent resilience of the system is becoming an important factor in the study of long-term system topology evolution, as well as in the study of planning and operational feasibility. In shorter timescales of power system events, machine learning is applied to growing power system data sets to assess greater resilience. These topics include cyber-physical analysis of solar, wind, and DERs, microgrids, network evolution and monitoring, substation automation and self-healing, and feasible planning and operation methods. However, in comparison to research that works only to address the resilience of electrical systems or grids that have developed, there is less research at the intersection of these topics. There is a research gap and there is a clear need for research to bring these two topics together and as a whole.
This paper carries out a comprehensive survey of the research work addressing the resilience problem in the power system and its intersection with the integration of VIBRES to cover the evolution of the integration of the power grid. The contribution of this work is to highlight the current state of research in the resilience of energy systems and the integration of VIBRES and to identify areas of current and future studies in this intersection.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 discusses the changes in generation due to the increased contribution of VIBRES to the grid and its implications for reliability and resilience assessment and valuation. In Section 3, the history of electrical system resilience and current work on resilience methods, technologies, systems and valuations are reviewed. Part 4 explores the intersection of resilience and development models. Section 5 concludes with a summary of key takeaways.
Resilience In Leadership: Navigating Challenges And Inspiring Success
Since the integration of modern interconnection, operational standards and planning have been built on the assumption of dispatchable resources, high inertia, and centralization. As the power and energy industry continues to provide electricity to modern customers, several trends in grid infrastructure changes have emerged. Renewable energy sources have become more common as the cost of establishing them has decreased due to technological advances, policy changes, and financial incentives. The past 2 decades have brought rapid growth in renewable, variable, non-rotating mass, and distributed generation in the grid. Not only does the integration of renewable generation affect certainty and forecasting, but also the different types of renewable energy plants all come with differences that require unique reliability considerations at their junctions. For example, the ability to provide frequency support and fault drive capability through inverter control, according to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard 1547-2018 [1]. At the same time, the adoption of advanced microprocessor devices increased, increased the amount of data, the ability to communicate and the response of control for the grid. While there are different definitions for the smart grid, it generally covers the trend of increased sensing, communication and control capabilities [2]. The continued implementation of the smart grid concept is partly a response to changes in production, but also observed in transmission and distribution stations, and consumer level. The change in the mode of production is characterized here by a change in distribution, inertia , and the center of the layout, which is shown in Figure 1.
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